Nanopore technology - bringing $1,000 genome sequencing one step closer?
Being able to sequence a human genome for $1,000 or less (which is the price most insurance companies are willing to pay) could open a new era in personal medicine, making it possible to precisely diagnose the cause of many diseases and tailor drugs and treatment procedures to the genetic make-up of an individual.
Professor Aleksei Aksimentiev at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaignhas demonstrated a strategy for sequencing DNA by driving the DNA molecule back and forth through a nanopore capacitor in a semiconductor chip. As DNA passes through the nanopore, the DNA molecule’s electric field induces sequence-specific electrostatic potentials that can be detected at the top and bottom layers of the capacitor membrane.
“Despite the tremendous interest in using nanopores for sequencing DNA, it was unclear how, exactly, nanopores could be used to read the DNA sequence,”said Professor Aksimentiev. “We now describe one such method.”
“Through molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that back-and-forth motion of a DNA molecule in a nanopore capacitor 1 nanometer in diameter produces an electrostatic fingerprint that can be used to read the genetic sequence,”said Aksimentiev, who also is a researcher at the Beckman Institute.
In the researchers’ simulations, performed at the university’s National Center for Supercomputing Applications, the nanopore capacitor consists of two conducting layers of doped silicon, separated by an insulating layer of silicon dioxide.
“A semiconductor device capable of reading the electrostatic potentials and decoding the genetic sequence is within the grasp of current technology”,Aksimentiev said. “Nanometer pores in electronic membranes have been manufactured, and the voltage signals resulting from DNA movement through such pores have been recorded.”
The next big challenge, Aksimentiev said, is to minimize noise in the system, and reduce the speed of DNA molecules moving through the pore.
For further information, click on the following link:
http://www.news.uiuc.edu/news/07/1212dna.html
Elaine Warburton
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POSTED IN: Companion diagnostics, DNA, Genealogy and DNA, General Genetics and Health, Genetic Engineering, Genetic Future, Genetic Testing, Genetics of Disease, Human Genome, Personalized Medicine, gene therapy
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